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A Black and White Photography Company
If we don't use it, we won't sell it
All Defender products - except Film, Paper, and Chemistry are unconditionally guaranteed. Want to try a Film Washer or Camera Bag? Order one and use it for 30 days. If you aren't happy with it, return it. No questions, no hassles.
Toning
I find students still adhering to 70 year old recommendations without bothering to question them. You can’t really blame anyone,...
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Painting, Seeing, Printing
Any fool can make a rule, and any fool will mind it. Thoreau A foolish man is always doing, Yet much remains to be done. Laozi By...
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The Picture or the Experience
What are photographs about . . . ? Are you really interested in the interior of this old empty house? Or is it a reason to use camera...
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Darkrooms - my perspective
Painting a picture requires concentration, but it’s also very freeing. Painting studios are free and open places. You can have the...
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Form and Content and Hard Work
Ansel [Adams] wrote six volumes on the subject. And you really don't need all that information. I found that too many of the West Coast...
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Printing is not . . .
To be interested solely in technique would be a very superficial thing to me. If you clean it up, get analytical, all the subtle joy and...
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Some Films and Developers - a few thoughts
Perhaps the most useful Zone System attribute is that it’s a good shorthand for discussing print tones. That’s what the above guide is –...
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Form and Content and Hard Work
Ansel [Adams] wrote six volumes on the subject. And you really don't need all that information. I found that too many of the West Coast...
2 views
Reciprocity failure
There is a proportionate relationship – a reciprocal relationship - between shutter speeds and f-stops (apertures); 1/8 sec at f16 is...
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Light Meters
Oh boy, here we go . . . Zone System. First of all, the above scale is a very general reference - I don't want any lawsuits from any...
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Printing a Negative: let’s be reasonable please . . .
Printing a Negative: let’s be reasonable please . . . In an interview Brett Weston said, “Printing is the ultimate moment of truth in...
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Print & Film Washing
There’s always been a lot of dubious instruction, commentary, and folklore about washing fiber base prints: fast or slow water flow, feed...
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The Exposure Formula
Ansel Adams developed this method about 80 years ago. It’s utter simplicity to use once you understand it. Later in life, Adams explained...
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Light and Reflection
The above scale is very approximate. Please don't threaten me for misrepresenting a divination, yeah? There are only so many...
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